Bullet

Measured in calibers according to the size of the rifle bore
Made of lead, lead alloy or copper
Can be jacketed, semi-jacketed or non-jacketed
Jacketed bullets are covered entirely with copper or copper alloy
Semi-jacketed bullets are partially covered with copper or copper alloy
Bullets also come in a variety of shapes and weights that affect the aerodynamics of the projectile as well as the desired reaction when striking a target
There are four major shapes: round-nose, spitzer, hollowpoint, wadcutter and pre-fragmented.
Many also feature polymer tips to enhance downrange ballistics and expansion

For examples of bullet options, see the following sites:

Alliant Powder ®